Solarium is a glass-enclosed space designed to bring natural light into the house, while offering panoramic outdoor views. It enhances interior design by creating a bright ambience that connects indoor and outdoor spaces. With the right furniture and decor, it can become a stylish retreat for relaxation or entertaining. 

 Ever watched a movie where a character stands inside a breathtaking glass dome, bathed in golden sunlight, gazing at the world outside? These captivating spaces are depicted in futuristic films or elegant period dramas. This architectural marvel exists in real life as well – a space designed to maximise natural light, aesthetic appeal, and indoor-outdoor harmony. 

 If you have ever wondered what is solarium and how it can transform your space, this blog has the answers. It covers everything from its scientific and architectural definitions to step-by-step guide on creating one in your house. 

What is Solarium? 

Solarium is a glass-enclosed structure designed to capture and regulate solar radiation. It uses high-performance glazing materials to allow maximum natural light penetration, while minimising heat loss or excessive thermal gain. In building science, it serves as passive solar collector – creating an energy-efficient indoor space with controlled temperature variations. 

5 Steps to Create Solarium Rooms 

Below is a step-by-step technical guide covering measurements, materials, and additional requirements. 

 Step 1: Site Selection and Orientation 

• Sunlight Exposure:

  In the Northern Hemisphere (e.g., Europe, North America, India), south-facing solariums receive the most sunlight. 

• Size and Space Allocation:

  They range from 9 to 30 square metres (100-325 sq ft). For proper ventilation, a minimum ceiling height of 2.4-3 metres (8-10 feet) is recommended. The foundation of a glass rooftop design should extend at least 50 cm (20 inches) beyond the glass walls, to support structural loads. 

• Soil Testing and Load Considerations:

  Conduct a soil-bearing capacity test to determine foundation requirements. If you are planning to attach a rooftop room design to an existing building, ensure the adjacent wall can support at least 300-400 kg/m² (61-82 lbs/ft²) of load from glass panels and framing. 

Step 2: Selecting Structural Materials and Glazing 

Framing Materials (Load-bearing Structure) 

• Aluminium (6063-T6 or 6061-T6 alloy) 

• Steel (Cold-rolled galvanised steel or stainless steel 304/316 grade) 

• uPVC (Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride) 

 Glass Selection (Thermal Insulation & UV Protection) 

Glass Type	Properties	Recommended Use
Double-glazed Glass (4-16-4mm)	Low-E coating, argon gas-filled, U-value <1.4 W/m²K	Best for reducing heat loss and condensation
Triple-glazed Glass (4-12-4-12-4mm)	Additional thermal insulation, U-value <0.8 W/m²K	Ideal for colder climates (below 5°C)
Tempered Glass (6-8mm)	4-5x stronger than regular glass	Used in roof panels to prevent breakage
Laminated Glass (6+6mm or 8+8mm PVB interlayer)	Shatterproof; blocks 99% of UV rays	Recommended for large floor-to-ceiling panels

Step 3: Foundation and Floor Planning 

A concrete slab foundation is the most commonly used base for solarium, providing structural stability and insulation. The slab should be at least 15 cm (6 inches) thick, to support the weight of the glass panels and framing. To enhance strength, it must be reinforced with a rebar mesh (10-12mm dia), arranged in a grid pattern with 20 cm (8 inch) spacing. 

Additionally, a waterproof membrane should be installed beneath the slab, to prevent moisture penetration. For larger rooftop glass designs exceeding 30m² (325 sq ft), reinforced concrete footings are essential to distribute weight evenly and prevent settling or structural shifting. To provide a solid base, these footings should measure at least 30cm x 30cm (12 in x 12 in). 

The depth of the footings should be 60-90 cm (2-3 feet), depending on soil conditions and local frost depth requirements. In areas with loose or sandy soil, a deeper foundation may be necessary to enhance stability. 

Step 4: HVAC, Ventilation, and Climate Control 

Heating and Cooling Solutions 

By evenly distributing heat from the ground up, radiant floor heating (hydronic or electric) provides an effective solution in colder climates. With a heating capacity of 85-100 W/m², this system ensures warmth without occupying wall or ceiling space. 

For cooling, a ductless mini-split AC unit with capacity of 9000-12,000 BTU is ideal for 20-30m² areas. To further enhance indoor air quality, install Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV) or Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV). 

Ventilation Systems 

Ventilation Type	Recommended Openings
Roof Vents	10-15% of total roof area
Operable Windows	Minimum 20-30% of total wall area
Motorised Skylights	Controlled air exchange to prevent overheating

Shading & Glare Control 

Made from aluminium or UV 50+ rated fabric, retractable awnings allow you to extend or retract coverage based on weather conditions. For advanced light regulation, electrochromic smart glass with adjustable tint and SHGC (solar heat gain coefficient) of 0.2-0.4 reduces glare while maintaining energy efficiency. Additionally, motorised roller shades offer an automated privacy and heat control solution, in glass rooftop design. 

Step 5: Interior Design and Customisation 

• Furniture Selection:

  Outdoor-grade, UV-resistant materials such as teak, aluminium, and wicker are ideal, as they withstand prolonged sun exposure without fading or warping. Add flexibility to this rooftop room design, by including modular seating with moisture-resistant cushions – that are a comfortable yet practical option. 

• Lighting Setup:

  LED recessed ceiling lights with 3000K-4000K colour temperature range provide a balanced glow. Additionally, solar-powered garden lights or elegant pendant fixtures can introduce decorative lighting. 

• Indoor Greenery & Biophilic Elements:

  Planters with self-watering irrigation systems allow tropical plants to thrive with minimal upkeep. For a more immersive green space, vertical gardens or hydroponic systems can be installed. 

• Smart Home Integration:

  Automated climate control systems in rooftop glass design help regulate indoor temperature, while reducing energy consumption. Additionally, app-controlled blinds and electrochromic glass tinting provide adaptive sunlight management. 

Conclusion 

Whether used for relaxation, entertaining, or enjoying a garden-like atmosphere indoors, this room enhances both functionality and style. With thoughtful planning and the right materials, solarium room can become a year-round retreat that elevates your living experience. 

FAQs 

1. Can solarium be a bedroom? 

Yes, solarium can be a bedroom, but it requires proper insulation, climate control, and privacy solutions. 

2. Is the solarium permanent? 

Yes, solarium is a permanent structure attached to a building, designed with durable materials for long-term use. 

3. How does solarium differ from sunroom? 

Solarium is a glass-enclosed space with glass roof and walls designed to allow maximum sunlight exposure, while maintaining an indoor environment

Sunroom has large windows and a solid or partially glazed roof designed to bring in natural light, while providing insulation and weather protection

4. What type of furniture works best in solarium? 

The type of furniture that works best in solarium should be durable, comfortable, and resistant to sunlight and temperature changes.